1

Apothecia broadly adnate to subimmersed

2

1:

Apothecia sessile and ±constricted at the base, not immersed

4

2

Apothecia with a very thin and inconspicuous proper margin, surrounded by an incomplete and ragged thalline margin

F. mayrhoferi

2:

Apothecia with a thick prominent proper margin and lacking any semblance of a thalline margin

3

3

Thallus prominent, brown to greyish brown, containing norstictic acid (medulla K+ yellow then red); apothecia mostly 0.5–0.8 mm wide

F. subasbolodes

3:

Thallus inconspicuous, greyish, very thin, lacking any compounds detectable by TLC or spot tests; apothecia 0.3–0.6 mm wide

F. asbolodes

4

Thallus Pd+ red or orange-yellow (containing fumarprotocetraric or alectorialic acids

5

4:

Thallus Pd– (containing divaricatic or sekikaic acids)

7

5

Thallus Pd+ orange-yellow to orange-red, K+ yellowish, KC+ orange, C+ orange (containing alectorialic acid)

F. elixii

5:

Thallus Pd+ red, K–, KC–, C– (containing fumarprotocetraric acid)

6

6

Thallus esorediate, typically richly fertile; on bark, wood or rock, mostly in lowland to subalpine areas

F. australis var. australis

6:

Thallus with scattered yellow punctiform to orbicular soralia; typically sterile and found on small trees and shrubs in subalpine or alpine areas

F. australis var. montana

7

Thallus UV– (containing sekikaic acid)

F. maccarthyi

7:

Thallus faintly UV+ white (containing divaricatic acid)

8

8

Thallus on bark, typically sorediate; ascospores colourless, dumb-bell-shaped with a central constriction

F. lightfootii

8:

Thallus on rock, not sorediate; ascospores often brownish at maturity, oblong-ellipsoidal or rarely bean-shaped

F. ramboldioides